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DELIVERY OPTIONS
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Practice Points

Common indications for cesarian delivery:
1. Nonreassuring fetal heart-rate
2. CephaloPelvic Disproportion (CPD)
3. Failure to progress
4. Abruptio placentae
5. Placenta previa

Controversial indications for cesarian delivery:

1. Breech
2. Very Low Birth Weight (<1500g)
3. Major congenital anomalies

SOGC Indications for forceps delivery:

1. "Fetal distress" (Nonreassuring fetal heart-rate)
2. Failure to deliver vaginally following the appropriate management of the second stage

Where Guidelines leave room for clinical judgment, the defendant obstetrician may have imposed a personal bias for or against operative delivery